THE ROLE OF OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY IN RECOVERY FROM STRESS AND PSYCHOSOMATIC DISORDERS

Abstract

Since 2022, the ongoing full-scale military aggression in Ukraine has subjected the population to unprecedented chronic and acute stress, trauma, and a rising prevalence of stress-related and psychosomatic disorders. These conditions are characterized by chronic pain, sleep disturbances, fatigue, and heightened anxiety, significantly impairing daily functioning and overall quality of life. Effective, comprehensive rehabilitation is therefore critical for maintaining human potential and social participation. This article explores the essential role of occupational therapy (OT) as a key component of multidisciplinary recovery for individuals affected by stress-related and psychosomatic impairments.

Occupational therapy provides a client-centered, biopsychosocial framework to assess functional status, understand the impact of psychosocial factors on engagement in meaningful activities, and develop individualized intervention plans. The article examines practical OT strategies including energy and time management, sensory modulation techniques, environmental adaptations, and social skills training. These interventions aim to restore occupational balance, enhance self-regulation, and support engagement in purposeful daily activities, contributing to symptom reduction and functional recovery.

A systematic analysis of contemporary research confirms that OT interventions can reduce symptom intensity, improve sleep quality, restore energy balance, and increase participation in meaningful roles, thereby enhancing overall quality of life. Nevertheless, challenges remain, such as the lack of standardized protocols, limited long-term outcome data, and the need to adapt interventions for diverse populations, including military personnel, individuals with post-traumatic stress disorder, chronic pain, or fatigue.

Future research should focus on integrating OT with psychotherapeutic and physiotherapeutic approaches, developing multidisciplinary care models, and establishing evidence-based, adaptable rehabilitation protocols. Expanding this knowledge base will facilitate the creation of flexible, scientifically grounded programs that promote functional recovery, resilience, and sustainable reintegration for individuals experiencing stress-related and psychosomatic disorders.